In 1541, the Parliament of Ireland conferred the crown of Ireland upon Henry VIII of England. The Catholic monarchs of Europe did not recognise this as Ireland had previously been decreed a fief of the Holy See, and as Henry had been excommunicated (1538) he could not possibly be king. When Henry's daughter, Mary became Queen of England, the Pope (Paul IV) issued a papal bull recognising Mary, and her husband, Phillip II of Spain as Queen and King of Ireland together with her heirs and successors.
On Elizabeth's death in 1603, her second cousin, James VI, King of Scots, became king in Ireland, and also England (inc. Wales).
Then in 1707, with the Union of Parliament, James became king of the Kingdom of Great Britain. (Great Britain also refers to the largest island, as well as the name of the kingdom.) This incorporated Scotland, England and Wales. Ireland was still a separate country, albeit with the same monarch.
Missing from the image above, are the Bailiwicks of Guernsey and Jersey. They are also crown dependencies, and not part of the UK.
There are many people, especially in the Republic of Ireland, and on the Isle of Man, that using the term 'British Isles' for these islands is woefully outdated, and colonial. In joint governmental papers (UK and Ireland), the term used is 'these islands'. Other names are the 'Anglo-Celtic Isles' and the 'Atlantic Archipelago'.
































